Superconductivity and bcs theory the max planck institute for the. From this site you can access mp4 video files of all of the presentations given at the 50th anniversary of the bardeencooper schrieffer theory of superconductivity conference held in urbana, il on october 10, 2007. Brooks, have produced a unified, coherent work providing a global view of hightemperature superconductivity covering the materials, the relationships with heavyfermion and organic systems, and. The bcs theory was indeed very successful in explaining in considerable detail the properties of superconductors. Robert schrieffer 1972, for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the bcs. It is shown that a number of different theories are labelled bcs. Weakcoupling bardeencooperschrieffer superconductivity in. This volume contains the article microscopic theory of superconductivity found on pages 162164 by bardeen, cooper, and schrieffer who won the nobel prize for physics in 1972 for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the bcs theory. Within the bcs model, the superconducting gap t is weakly temperature dependent at low temperatures, but closes rapidly to zero near t c. Brooks, have produced a unified, coherent work providing a global view of hightemperature superconductivity covering the materials, the relationships with heavyfermion and organic systems, and the many formidable challenges that remain. Bardeencooper schrieffer 1957 i the effective forces between electrons can sometimes be attractive in a solid rather than repulsive ii cooper problem. Abrikosov, fundamentals of the theory of metalsnorthholland, 1988. Theory of rf superconductivity for resonant cavities alex gurevichrecent citations determination of the bardeen cooper schrieffer material parameters of the hieisolde superconducting resonator a miyazaki and w venturini delsolarothis content was downloaded from ip address 207. Bcs theory bcs theory of superconductor was put forward by bardeen, cooper and schrieffer in 1957 and hence named as bcs theory.
The specific heat of a superconductor cs and and normal metal cn. Schrieffer, theory of superconductivityperseus books, 1999 t. Handbook of high temperature superconductivity theory. Bardeencooper schrieffer bcs theory, most of the physics of superconductivity follows from the. The authors describe all relevant superconducting phenomena and rely on the macroscopic. Bardeencooper schrieffer theory of superconductivity in the case of overlapping bands suhl, h. Theory of superconductivity by schrieffer j r abebooks. Schrieffer university of pennsylvania, philadelphia, pa. Isotope effect in the translationinvariant bipolaron theory of. Bardeencooperschrieffer theory of superconductivity in. The discussion of cooper pairs, the foundation for bcs theory, though not difficult to read, is easier to understand after going.
May 31, 1931 july 27, 2019 was an american physicist who, with john bardeen and leon cooper, was a recipient of the 1972 nobel prize in physics for developing the bcs theory, the first successful quantum theory of superconductivity. Jun 17, 2019 theory of superconductivity is primarily intended to serve as a background for reading the literature in which detailed applications of the microscopic theory of superconductivity are made to specific problems. Theory of rf superconductivity for resonant cavities alex gurevichrecent citations determination of the bardeen cooper schrieffer material parameters of the hieisolde superconducting resonator a miyazaki and w venturini delsolarothis content was downloaded from. Schrieffer in the science of superconductivity is traced and analysed. Tinkham, introduction to superconductivity 2nd editiondover, 2004.
The theory describes superconductivity as a microscopic effect caused by a condensation of cooper pairs. We also establish that, in the thermodynamic limit, the bcs hamiltonian and the approximating hamiltonian. Bcs theory has established that superconductivity in conventional materials. John robert schrieffer 19312019 codiscoverer of the theory of superconductivity 1d ep artm nofph ys ic, u v r o c al a san a b b santa barbara, ca, usa. John schieffers book was written for solid state physicists with more than just a casual interest in superconductivity. Theory of superconductivity selected papers of j robert. J r schrieffer theory of superconductivityperseus 1999. Bardeencooperschrieffer theory 1 for conventional superconductors. Schrieffer of the prize of the prize of the prize usa usa usa university of illinois urbana, il, usa brown university providence, ri, usa university of pennsylvania philadelphia, pa, usa b. We also represent these formulae in the alternate imaginarytime representation, which makes handson numerical evaluation.
Much of the motivation for this comes from the study of the cuprate high temperature superconductors. Weakcoupling bardeencooperschrieffer superconductivity. Bcs theory or bardeencooper schrieffer theory named after john bardeen, leon cooper, and john robert schrieffer is the first microscopic theory of superconductivity since heike kamerlingh onness 1911 discovery. In the present paper, we show that this result is also true for all excited states. The history and use of the acronym bcs named after bardeen, cooper and schrieffer in the science of superconductivity is traced and analysed.
The main point of the bcs theory is that the attractive electronelectron interaction mediated by the phonons gives rise to cooper pairs, i. However, in the wake of the hightemperature superconductivity revolution, one particular adaptation of hubbards original model called the tj model originally arising in the context of doped motthubbard insulators emerged as a compelling candidate for hosting a superconducting state. Lecture notes on superconductivity a work in progress. Bardeencooperschrieffer bcs theory of superconductivity. Robert schrieffer, the micro scopic theory of superconductivity, the bcs theory. It explains the phenomenon in which a current of electron pairs flows without resistance in certain materials at low temperatures. Eremin, mpipks first truly microscopic theory of superconductivity. Superconductivity was discovered by kamerlinghonnes in 1911, when he was. Experimental evidence pointed to the fact that in the transition of a. It is shown that, there exists a unique finite transition temperature, t c so that, if t t c,the only solution of the equation is the trivial one, indicating the occurrence. Bardeencooperschrieffer theory of superconductivity in the. John robert, 1931publication date 1964 topics superconductivity publisher.
Robert schrieffer florida state university, tallahassee. Parts of the paper are based on a thesis submitted by dr. The theory is also used in nuclear physics to describe the pairing. Although the exact form of the wave function comes from the. Introduction it gives me great pleasure to have the opportunity to join my colleagues john bardeen and leon cooper in discussing with you the theory of superconductivity. This theory could explain the effects such as zero resistivity, meissner effect, isotopic effect etc. He main facts which a theory of superconductivity must explain. The microscopic theory of superconductivity was developed by bardeen, cooper and. The theory of superconductivity developed by bardeen, cooper, and schrieffer bcs j was founded on a number of assumptions concerning the causes of superconductivity which, on the basis of theory and experiment, were generally agreed. Orgad it is the purpose of this paper to explore the theory of high temperature superconductivity. Fernandes here we will discuss a new ground state of the interacting electron gas. This can happen, so the theory says, when a single negatively charged electron slightly distorts the lattice of atoms in the superconductor, drawing toward it a small. Schrieffer was aided by a fellowship from the coming glass works foundation.
The bcs theory revolutionized our understanding of this fascinating phenomenon. Handbook of high temperature superconductivity theory and. Gauge theories of the strong, weak, and electromagnetic interactions. The complicated mathematical approach of the bcs theory is replaced by a relatively. Pdf introduction to superconductivity download free. It was published in 1957, 46 years after the original. Scrrzrzzzzzf departmelt of physics, urtiversity of illinois, urbarta, itlirtois received july 8, 1957 a theory of superconductivity is presented, based on the fact that the interaction between electrons resulting from virtual exchange of phonons is attractive when the.
Heike kamerlingh onnes19, for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium john bardeen,leon n. What sets this book apart from others on the introduction to superconductivity and highc materials is its simple and pragmatic approach. Theory of superconductivity for example, a superconducting ring. Superconductivity by bardeen, cooper, and schrieffer or tinkhams introduction to superconductivity. Superconductivity masatsugu sei suzuki department of physics. Parts of the paper arebased on a thesis submitted by dr. Background history kammerlingh onnes liquefying of he in 1908. Lecture 3 electron pairing, basics of bcs theory let us look at bcs theory.
Superconductivity masatsugu sei suzuki department of. The discussion of cooper pairs, the foundation for bcs theory, though not difficult to read, is easier to understand after going through gordon bayms discussion of this topic in lectures on quantum mechanics. The first page of the pdf of this article appears above. Daitch john robert schrieffer born may 31, 1931 is an american physicist and, with john bardeen and leon n cooper, recipient of the 1972 nobel prize for physics for developing the bcs theory, the first successful microscopic theory of superconductivity. Length scale for variation of superconducting order parameter. Lecture note on solid state physics ginzburglandau theory. We discuss the basic ideas of the bcs theory and list the formulae for the thermodynamic quantities of this theory in the usual realtime representation.
Electron lattice interaction via lattice deformation. A theory of superconductivity is presented, based on the fact that the interaction between electrons resulting from virtual exchange of phonons is attractive when the energy difference between the electrons states involved is less than the phonon energy. Superconductivity basic phenomenon if a material is described as a superconductor, below a certain temperature the critical temperarure it loses its electrical resistivity to become a perfect conductor. Mgb2, alkali under pressure, cac6 kohn anomaly, fermi surface nesting, twogap superconductivity. Scrrzrzzzzzf departmelt of physics, urtiversity of illinois, urbarta, itlirtois received july 8, 1957 a theory of superconductivity is presented, based on the fact that the interaction between electrons resulting from virtual exchange of phonons is attractive when the energy. Jan 22, 1971 theory of superconductivity is primarily intended to serve as a background for reading the literature in which detailed applications of the microscopic theory o theory of superconductivity 1st edition j. It is among the most beauti ful and successful theories in physics.
The files are organized and searchable by date and daypart. The celebrated concept of odlro was developed by yang29 about 15 years after the publication of the famous bardeen cooper schrieffer theory of superconductivity, for a comparison see 51. London and london derived a phenomenological theory of. First truly microscopic theory of superconductivity. A theory of superconductivity formulated by john bardeen, leon cooper, and robert schrieffer. Bcs model hamiltonian of the theory of superconductivity. The accepted theory that describes superconductivity in these materials was developed in the 1950s by bardeen, cooper, and schrieffer the bcs theory. The bardeen cooper schrieffer theory bardeen et al.
Bardeens knowledge of the experimental data hod bounded the theory of superconductivity quite tightly before b, c ond s developed their theory. Reviewed in the united states on september 3, 2012. It is based on the assumption that the supercurrent is not carried by single electrons but rather by pairs of. Its significance in causing superconductivity is confirmed by the dependence of the critical temperature of superconductors on the isotopic mass of the lattice, a. Bogolyubov proved that the average energies per unit volume of the ground states for the bcs hamiltonian and the approximating hamiltonian asymptotically coincide in the thermodynamic limit. Bcs model hamiltonian of the theory of superconductivity as a. Solid state physics part iv superconducting properties. Theory of superconductivity, abc ppbk isbn 0738201200. On the bardeencooperschrieffer integral equation in the. Starting from this mechanism, bardeen, cooper and schrieffer developed in 1957 a theory of superconductivity, which gave a complete theoretical explanation of the phenomenon.
480 703 151 996 354 625 1199 907 163 694 44 1115 1738 1061 688 1532 1444 1065 337 415 741 146 1458 761 1437 737 783